Right to Privacy is not about hiding a wrong

Right to privacy is not about hiding a wrong. It is about living in dignity. The Administration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo has failed to protect privacy and has continued surveillance on citizens for the past years. These findings are included in the recent Privacy and Human Rights Report of Privacy International (PI) a human rights group based in London, England released last week.

The Philippines, India, Denmark, Bulgaria, Lithuania, and France are among the societies with extensive surveillance. The United States and United Kingdom being in the forefront of the global war on terror are ranked as societies with endemic surveillance. PI noted that the "claims on the grounds of security, law enforcement, the fight against terrorism and illegal immigration, ..." are used as a reason of these countries to create "hundreds of key policy initiatives that, ... fundamentally destabilize core elements of personal privacy." In the Philippines, the Human Security Act is a threat to privacy and human rights.

The Philippines is ranked as one of the worst in privacy protection due to; lack of data protection law and regulatory body to investigate privacy infractions, continued efforts to implement a national ID system and biometrics, communication interception and wiretapping, unauthorized government access to data through illegal arrests and abductions.

PI conducted a survey on the state of surveillance and privacy protection in 70 countries (http://www.privacyinternational.org/phr) and has released a ranking of the leading 47 surveillance socities around the world. More than 200 experts were involved in the development of the report.

While some technological advancements in computers can help in privacy protection, the existence of government policies like the Human Security Act which authorizes surveillance on citizens and its involvement in the global war on terror, violations on right to privacy by this government will continue.

Bahagi ng pagpapakalat ng kasalukuyang pasismo ng rehimeng Arroyo, ipino-post namin ang sumusunod na artikulo mula sa bulalat.com

KATARUNGAN SA LAHAT NG BIKTIMA NG PAGLABAG SA KARAPATANG PANTAO. GLORIA ARROYO PATALSIKIN!

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Slain student leader Cris Hugo
A Small Guy with Big Conviction

Twenty-year old Cris Hugo was a small – only 4’11” tall – and humble person who led an exemplary life. He fearlessly fought for quality education and students’ rights – until bullets felled him last March 19.

BY LINO D. INTERINO III
Bulatlat

I was aghast when my Bulatlat editor sent me a text message on Monday, asking if I could write something about the slain student leader from Bicol University. I then was in our province talking with my friends and taking a not so grand vacation while fixing my requirements for graduation.

“I’ll try to make a story about him. I don’t know the person,” I replied.

At about 6:30 p.m. of the same day, a friend sent a text message: “PLEASE PRAY FOR CRIS HUGO, A FOURTH YEAR JOURNALISM STUDENT OF BUCAL (Bicol University College of Arts and Letters). HE WAS SHOT DEAD LAST NIGHT AT WASHINGTON DRIVE. MAY HIS SOUL REST IN PEACE. PLEASE PASS GUYS.” Suddenly, it was difficult to breathe. I couldn’t believe that Cris was gone, that he was the student leader I was supposed to write about, until another similar text message came.

Cris, 20, was a student leader at BU’s College of Arts and Letters (BUCAL). He was regional coordinator and national council member of the League of Filipino Students (LFS). He was also the newly elected Grand Chancellor of the Alpha Phi Omega (APO Fraternity) chapter at BU.

Cris was a classmate during my freshman year at the Institute of Communication and Cultural Studies (now CAL) in BU. I could not believe that he died in such a brutal way. He was a small – only 4’11” tall – and humble person who led an exemplary life, fighting for quality education and students’ rights. Nobody could have foreseen that he would be killed so violently.

Gremil Naz, a BUCAL professor, recalled how the murder took place on March 19 at Washington Drive, Bagumbayan (village), Legazpi City:

“Kausap ko si Cris habang naglalakad kami nang bigla akong nakarinig ng putok. Paglingon ko, nakahandusay na siya. (Cris and I were talking while walking, when I suddenly heard a gunshot. When I turned to him, he was already sprawled on the ground).”

Naz could not identify the gunmen because it was dark and he was slightly drunk. He ran to the Legazpi City Police Station to report the attack and Cris was rushed to the Bicol Regional Training and Teaching Hospital (BRTTH). He was dead on arrival.

Cris was the first youth leader to be killed in the spate of political killings this year.

Fighting Spirit

In spite of being the smallest in class, he proved that he could beat all odds. Even as a freshman, he had shown a fighting spirit.

In the first semester, he joined the Alpha Phi Omega fraternity. I was amazed at how he endured the trials of being a neophyte. I could not believe how this small guy, who seemed to be fragile, could have possibly passed the initiations.

Every time there were rallies, Cris was always visible. He would ask the students to join and fight for their aspirations.

Dan Orense, Cris’ mentor and fraternity brother, described him as “college student na parang Grade 6 (a college student who looked like a sixth-grade pupil.) Mabait na tao si Cris. A typical homegrown person pero malalim. (Cris is a kind person, a typical home-grown person but he was deep),” he said.

His colleagues from LFS and his other organizations said that despite having a small build, Cris had a big-enough conviction to fight for the students’ welfare.

During the interview with Cris’ mother Rowena Hugo, a public school teacher in Gallanosa National High School in the municipality of Irosin, Sorsogon (647 kms. south of Manila), grief was evident in her face. She said she felt restless last Sunday because she was alone at home. At 11 p.m.., she said, a BRTTH doctor called and told her what had happened to her son.

Cris’ mother recalled how he wanted her to stay with him when she went to the university on the afternoon of March 18. After a parents’ meeting, she said they went to the mall and the park and Cris even asked her to go to the movies. “It seems that he didn’t want me away from him,” she said.

“Gusto niya makasama ako sa pagtulog. Sabi niya pa nga huwag na daw muna akong umuwi. Sabi ko baka pagalitan ako ng papa mo. Pero sabi niya kahit pagalitan ka ni Papa, wala na siyang magagawa kasi andun na ‘yun, e,” (He wanted me to sleep at his boarding house. He asked me not go home yet. I said your father will be angry. But he said, even if Papa gets angry he can do nothing about it) she recalled.

Meryll Arcos, editor-in-chief of the BUCAL student publication Budyong (shell), said she saw Cris passing by their boarding house in EM’s Barrio almost every afternoon before the meeting of parents for ICT. “He was rushing to go to his boarding house before dusk, which he does not normally do, as if somebody was following him,” she said.

His fellow activists, who requested anonymity, said Cris had been receiving death threats a year before his death. During that time, they said, Cris tried vainly to alter his appearance by wearing polo and eyeglasses. It made him look like a seminarian and they just laughed at him.

Seminarian

Cris came from a devout family. His parents were lectors, or scripture readers in their church. He also acted in theatre productions of their parish church.

“Ang gusto ‘nya talaga ay maging pari (He really wanted to be a priest),” her mother said. She revealed that he spent two years in high school at the Peñafrancia Seminary in Sorsogon City. He went out of the seminary on his third year because his father didn’t want him to become a priest.

“Para lang kaming magbabarkada niyan. (We’re just like friends),” his mother said as she stared at her son’s casket. “I even join his company of friends every time they are here. We would go out to a videoke bar and sing and have fun.”

“Napakabait ng anak ko. Hindi ko matanggap na agad siyang mawawala. Kahit sa mga kapatid niya, ang bait niya. Minsan pag-umuuwi iyan, may dala siyang pasalubong. Kahit ano, tulad ng scented candles. Napaka-thoughtful niya. (My son was very kind. I cannot accept that he would suddenly be gone. Even with his siblings, he was so kind. He even brought gifts for the family when he came home, even simple things like scented candles. He was very thoughtful),” she added.

“Napakabuting bata niyang si Cris. Wala akong masabi diyan sa apo ko (He was a very good child. I could not find any fault in him),” said Socorro Hugo, Cris’ grandmother, as she wept.

“Sometimes,” his mother revealed, “he and his father would have petty fights and discussions because of his views, which his father disagrees with. One time he said, ‘kulugan mo na po ako Papa, suntukon mo ako, aakoon ko po pero dai mo po mamababago ang prinsipyo ko’ (Hurt me papa, knock me down, I will take it but you can never change my principles).”

Cris’ mother recalled that when he was arrested February 2005 during a protest rally on the occasion of President Arroyo’s visit, they were so enraged because she heard on the radio that Cris and other protesters were arrested on charges of illegal possession of drugs.

“Nagulat nga ako ng binalita sa radyo na na-detain sila sa Guinobatan (I was shocked when it was reported over the radio that they were detained in Guinobatan),” she said.

“Walang bisyo ang anak ko” (My son had no vice), she reacted.

Cris and his colleagues underwent drug tests, were found “negative,” and were released after 24 hours. The group learned later that they were framed-up by “men in uniform.”

Suspect

“Ang suspetsa namin militar ang may gawa nun kasi nung Friday bago ‘yung meeting, inutusan siya ng papa niya na mag-withdraw ng pera sa AFPSLAI. Sabi niya,’ mama darating si Gloria. Siguradong may mga parak na magpapasikat’,“ (Our suspicion is that the military killed him because last Friday before his meeting, he was ordered by his father to withdraw money from AFPSLAI. He said, ‘mama Gloria is coming. For sure some police or military officers would want to create a good impression.) Rowena said.

“Hindi kami naninilawala na frat war ang dahilan kung bakit pinatay si Cris. Walang history ng frat war dito sa Bicol at kahit mga taga-ibang fraternity kaibigan niya” (We do not believe that Cris was killed because of a fraternity war. There was never a history of violent frat wars in Bicol. And he has friends from other fraternities), she said.

Accredited fraternities in Bicol University confirmed this in a press conference March 24 at the BU administration building.

Michael Malano, coordinator of the National Union of Students in the Philippines (NUSP) and incoming BU student council president, joined in condemning the killing.

“I challenge the authorities to widen their range of investigation. We are calling for (your) cooperation for immediate action and justice for Cris Hugo,” said Gerald Dino Caba of APO.

“Ang pagkamatay ni Cris ay may malalim pang rason. Tulad ng pagkamatay ni Joel Asejo , wala paring malinaw na resulta ang imbestigasyon,” (The death of Cris has a deeper reason. Just like the death of Joel Asejo, there were no clear findings resulting from the official investigation), LFS-BU chapter spokesman Rodcel Bontigao said.

Asejo was also a student at the BU College of Industrial Engineering. He was killed on October 2002 in Sto. Domingo, Albay. The suspects were military men from Tanay, Rizal. The court issued arrest warrants against the suspects but they are still at large.

“We will seek justice for him. I cannot accept the death of my son,” Cris’ mother said.

Students, organizations and other concerned individuals have been holding a protest vigil in front of Camp Simeon Ola, Legazpi City every 5 p.m. since Cris’ death

Cris’ remains will be interred on March 31. A tribute was scheduled by his family, friends and fellow activists on March 30. Bulatlat

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Pinaghanguan:
1. Bulatlat.com

Killing all fighters for the people

In just one day, 4 militant leaders of Central Luzon were killed. Ricardo Ramos, Union leader of central Azucarera de Tarlac, Francisco Rivera of Bayan Pampanga and his companions, Dr. Angel David and Von John Maniti, Federico de Leon, chairperson of Piston Bulacan and provincial Chair of Anakpawis; were all sprayed with bullets.

What is happening?

For most people they don't understand or wouldn't understand that there exists a protest movement in the country that advocates farmers' right to land, laborers' right to wage increases, and other fundamental rights. Persons like those mentioned previously are branded as leftist, reds, communists, NPA and all other names with terrorist connotation. They are feared. They are looked down. They are violated. This government and its landlords and capitalists friends want them all killed. As if killing them, will also kill their voices that cries for fundamental rights.

More than 70% of the country's population are farmers. About 60% of the country's agricultural land is owned only by 13% of the population. They big landlords including Cojuangco, Ayala, Floreindo, Zobel, Yulo, Roxas alone own 20% of the total agricultural land of the country. This reality breed to the call for farmers' "right to land" and "land to the tillers". For if you own a piece of land, then you should till it and not use it to bind farmers to poverty and close to slavery if not slavery itself. You don't have to look far for this slavery, hacienda luisita of the conjuangco's pay their farmers and workers with P9.00/week after all deductions. Where in the world will you be able to live with a little over a peso per day? and they expect the farmers to be mum about this injustice? hacienda luisita reaps huge profist every year.

The killings aim to stifle, sow fear, warn and physically disable the organizations that support and leads the above noble calls for the majority of the filipinos. Similar to other killings that happened, (Palparan Killings) indeed, it may take time to replenish the manpower and leadership of this organizations. But it would not kill the people's cry for justice and fundamental rights.

STOP all POLITICAL KILLINGS!

Please spread this call.

New References:
Inq7.net

Countdown ng mga Buhay sa Eastern Visayas

Below are some experiences of the people of Eastern Visayas on the Government's love for its citizens...

Kaawaan sana ng kanyang mga diyos ang pamahalaang ito.

Initial Report on the Human Rights Situation in Eastern Visayas
Updated Chronology of Events
As of April 19, 2005


10 February 2005 – Maj. Gen. Jovito S. Palparan Jr. assumed the top military post in Eastern Visayas as the commanding general of the 8th Infantry Division of the Philippine Army based in Camp Lukban, Brgy. Maulong, Catbalogan, Samar.


18 February 2005 – Fr. Allan Caparro, IFI, the incumbent regional vice-chairperson of the Promotion of Church People’s Response in Eastern Visayas and his wife Aileen, were shot after attending a meeting of their diocese, while on their way home aboard a motorcycle at the vicinity of Brgy. Balinsasayaw, Abuyog, Leyte. The perpetrators were identified only as two men riding on a motorcycle. The couple survived the attack.


20 February 2005 – Col. Manuelito Usi through the military program entitled, “The Innovator” in radio Hot FM Catarman, threatened to put up a military encampment in front of the Bayan Muna office in Catarman, Northern Samar. He also maligned BM
Visayas’ Atty. Alfonso Cinco, and Catholic priests, Rev. Fr. Walter Cerbito and Rev. Fr. Fernando Bugtong of the PCPR-Northern Samar.

05 March 2005 – In the regular media forum “Express it at the Park” in Tacloban City, Maj. Gen. Jovito S. Palparan Jr., the newly installed commanding general of the 8th Infantry division declared openly “to put an end to anti-government rallies in Samar Island within six months.”

06 March 2005 – More than 30 soldiers in full battle gear aboard an armored personnel carrier (APC) stationed themselves in front of the Bayan Muna party-list’s provincial headquarters at Sitio Bukhasan, Brgy. Cawayan, Catarman, Northern Samar. They threatened to go inside the office because “NPA’s were inside” the Bayan Muna headquarters. They surrounded the office from 10 am and only left the area at 6 pm after several people went to the area to tell the military to leave.

07 March 2005 – Sixto Montabon, Sr. was reportedly abducted by elements of the 34th Infantry Battalion, in Brgy. Palencia, Tarangnan, Samar. He was not seen since then. His son, Sixto Montabon, Jr. is the provincial secretary-general of Anakpawis party-list in Western Samar. Meanwhile, the houses owned by Sixto’s neighbors, Fernando Congzon and Serafin Bentillo, both farmers, were allegedly burned by soldiers from the same army unit. Serafin is a member of Anakpawis party-list.

08 March 2005 – Armed military men from the 8th Infantry Division were deployed to the “forum on women’s rights” held at the Samar College in Catbalogan town in Western Samar. The said forum was hosted by Gabriela-Western Samar.

09 March 2005 – A solidarity mission to Northern Samar, headed by Rep. Teodoro Casiño was launched as a response to the recent spate of harassments and “climate of terror” perpetrated by the 63rd IB headed by Col. Manuelito Usi. A dialogue between the partylist rep and Col. Bernard de Luna, 803rd Brigade, mediated by Gov. Raul Daza was undertaken.

10 March 2005 – Two vans tailed the solidarity mission team from San Isidro, Northern Samar to Tacloban City. The vans were positively identified to belong to the
Military Intelligence Group (MIG).

14 March 2005 – Atty. Felidito C. Dacut, the Regional Coordinator of Bayan Muna Party list of Eastern Visayas and a long-time human rights lawyer, was shot in cold blood while on board a multi-cab traveling along Real Street in Tacloban City. He just came from a meeting from the Bayan Muna regional headquarters in Tacloban.

10 March 2005 – Two vans maliciously followed the solidarity mission team from San Isidro, Northern Samar to Tacloban City. The vans were positively identified to belong to the Military Intelligence Group (MIG) according to reliable sources.


14 March 2005 – In Tarangnan, Samar, Marvin Montabon, a local peasant was shot and killed inside his home by two (2) men wearing bonnets (suspected to be elements of the 34th IB PA). His body was burned together with his house. The incident happened at about 2:00am.

At about 8:00am, farmer Henry Montabon, saw a teenager whom he recognized as a resident of Brgy. Sinit-an, San Jorge, Samar being arrested by soldiers belonging to the 34th IBPA. The teener was carrying with him a sack of copra when arrested at the vicinity of the village store owned by Juanito Verzosa.The said teener was only freed when Brgy. Sinit-an chairman Benny Mabini went to the headquarters of the 34th IB
and asked for the boy’s release.


March 15, 2005 – Fearing for their lives, three (3) Montabon families left Barangay Palencia immediately after they had buried the remains of their kin, Marvin Montabon. They left the barrio at around 12:00 noon.

19 March 2005 – Elements of the 34th Infantry Battalion arrested Pedro Felices, a member of the local peasant organization CAPTI (Catbalogan Asosasyon han Parag-uma, Tindog para han Imo Interes). He was manhandled while undergoing tactical interrogation. He was photographed with a crucifix and was forced to
sign a paper stating he was an NPA member.

25 March 2005 – Juanito Paculaba and Joey Gacuman, also members of CAPTI were arrested by the elements of the 34th IB in Catbalogan, Samar. They were subjected
to tactical interrogation and were forced to sign documents stating they were NPAs.

27 March 2005 – Nestor Masbang, a local peasant was arrested by military men in their residence in Brgy. Parina, Jiabong, Samar. He was interrogated and subjected to
torture.

31 March 2005 – Nonario Fabella, his wife Rina (a member of the Advocates for Women’s Actions, Rights and Empowerment or AWARE, an affiliate of GABRIELA) together with their children, were abducted by armed men. These men were alleged to belong to the 34th Infantry Battalion of the Philippine Army.

05 April 2005 – Three (3) military men abducted Sonny Quebada, a farmer and resident of Brgy. San Andres (Ubos) and brought him to Camp Lukban, Maulong, Catbalogan, Samar. His whereabouts are still unknown. Another farmer identified only as a certain “Pitok” was arrested by soldiers at Brgy. San Andres (Igbaw). He was blindfolded, subjected to physical assault. It was reported that he was kept naked while undergoing tactical interrogation. He was freed afterwards.

06 April 2005 –Oscar Turla Jr., a Bayan Muna member from Catarman, suffered first-degree burns in the face when armed elements hurled Molotov bombs at Bayan Muna
headquarters in Catarman, Northern Samar. Armed men riding on motorcycles perpetrated the attack.

One of the six (6) bombs, made of kerosene-filled bottles, failed to explode. One landed near the window where Turla was sleeping. The police authorities discovered that the wick used to ignite the bombs was made out of a page of a military newspaper.


06 April 2005 - In Calbiga, Samar, an identified person was dumped along Maharlika Highway in Sitio Nulangdulang, Brgy. Canticum. The body was examined by medical personnel of the MHO of the municipality and was buried at the local Catholic Cemetery. The following day, relatives of the demised arrived from
Brgy. Canlapwas, Catbalogan to claim the body. (This incident was cited in the letter of VM Mutia to the House of Representatives).


07 April 2005 – Medith Ambida, wife of Alden Boy Ambida, Bayan Muna provincial coordinator noticed two men aboard a motorcycle. They could be armed with short firearms (from the characteristic bulk in their waists). They were suspiciously looking at the couple’s home located at Balud 1, Borongan (the provincial capital) in Eastern Samar. The couple thought the suspicious-looking men were conducting a
surveillance operation on them.


08 April 2005 – At around 11:00pm, Alden Boy Ambida heard six (6) gunshots near their house. However, he was not able to see who did the indiscriminate firing.


09 April 2005 – Alden Boy Ambida who is also the Vice-President of the Borongan Tricycle Drivers and Operators Association (BTDOA) was driving his motorcycle-for-hire when he was shot four times by a gunman aboard an XLR motorcycle at Libanan Road, Brgy. Baybay 4, Borongan, Eastern Samar. He sustained two (2) gunshots: one (1) in the chest and another in the side. He survived the attack and is now in the hospital.


09 April 2005- In Sta. Rita, Western Samar, the rice mill owned by Shirley Bohol, the chairperson of Gabriela Women’s Party-list in Eastern Visayas was burned to ashes by unknown perpetrators.

Vice-Mayor Sandra Matrona A. Mutia of Calbiga, Samar wrote the House of Representatives citing that “[the] past few weeks, Calbiga has experienced a number of atrocious incidents that need thorough inquiry”. The local government official also cited the following incidents in the town of Calbiga: a) Punong Barangay (village chief) Diodario Nablo of Barangay Binanggaran went on hiding after elements of the Philippine Army purportedly threatened him on suspicion that he is an NPA sympathizer. The same was experienced by Punong Barangay Wilfredo Cabornay of
Brgy. Sinalangtan.

b) Hon. Ponce David, a Sangguniang Bayan (town council) member, was visited by elements of the Philippine Army for reason that he is a member of Bayan Muna. Additionally, he is suspected of being a sympathizer of the NPA because of his Bayan Muna connection.

c) Residents of Barangay No. 1 Poblacion were visited by elements of the Philippine Army and were forced to identify persons who are NPA sympathizers. Some are threatened that they will be liquidated if they fail to do so.

In the House of Representatives, Rep. Catalino Figueroa wrote President Arroyo urging her to “direct the cessation of all searches and seizures in Samar by military authorities and that these recent wave of human rights violations be investigated fully, and the perpetrators brought to justice”.

Rep Figueroa cited the incident “that certain elements of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines (AFP) under the command of Major General Jovito Palparan, Jr. have undertaken illegal searches of homes in the aforementioned town on the suspicion
that there are NPA activities in the area. The town mayor, Hon. Luzviminda L. Nacario, has also been the subject of threats and harassment as she is being
suspected as an NPA sympathizer and coddler”.

Other congressmen (except Hon. Romulado Vicencio) from the Eastern Visayas region echoed the similar appeal, “to immediately direct the investigation of this recent wave of human rights violations, that immediate interim measures be put in place, and that the perpetrators be brought to justice.”

They also sought personal audience with the president.


14 April 2005 – At about 8:00 in the morning, Alfredo Davis, a clerk of court and member of Bayan Muna-Mahaplag was killed by assailants while he was traveling with wife, Imelda in a multi-cab in Mahaplag town in Leyte province. Alfredo sustained five fatal gunshot wounds that led to his instantaneous death, while Imelda was wounded by a bullet in her hand. The perpetrators were two (2) men aboard a motorcycle.


14 April 2005 – Mr. Samuel Dote, an employee of LGU-Catbalogan and member of the Municipal Association of Catbalogan Employees (MACE) affiliate organization
of COURAGE-WS (Confederation for Unity, Recognition and Advancement of Government Employees in Western Samar) was killed by assailants aboard a motorcycle in
Catbalogan, Samar.


16 April 2005 – Military elements conducted aerial bombing operations using two (2) military choppers at the boundary between the Brgy Mabini, Catarman, Northern Samar and Brgy Macatingog, Calbayog City, Samar. This incident resulted in the temporary displacement of some farmers, the destruction of a number of coconut trees, and a “landahan” (an improvised copra-drying facility).

The same scenario (aerial bombardments) took place the next day.

19 April 2005 - Another bombing incident took place between the boundary of Brgys. Palmera, Laoang and Cospay, Pambujan, Northern Samar using two (2) military choppers.


20 April 2005 – At about 9:00 in the morning, another aerial bombing incident was reported at the boundary of Brgys. Palmera, Laoang and Gibatangan, Pambujan, Northern Samar. The aerial attacks were combined with massive ground operations by military troops allegedly belonging to the 63rd IB based in Brgy Opong, Catubig, Northern Samar and headed by Col Manuelito Usi.

On the same day, reports were received that military troops conducted large routinary patrols in barangays Mabuhay, Palanit, Alegria, Salvacion (these are barangays situated along the national highway) and Happy Valley (an upland barangay located around 16 kilometers from the town proper).

An incident of physical assault of a farmer-resident of Brgy. Alegria, San Isidro was also reported. He was allegedly arrested by patrolling soldiers and brought to Brgy. Salvacion where the military detachment is located. He was reportedly manhandled by
the soldiers while undergoing tactical interrogation. (Details are to be supplied later).

A food blockade was also reported in Brgy. Happy Valley, San Isidro. The barangay is accessible only through the following modes of transportation: a motorized banca through a tributary of the Victoria river), a motorcycle ride along the deteriorated/unmaintained “logging” roads (formerly used by the San Jose Timber logging firm in the 1980s) and/or by a hike through narrow trails. The report
said that large amounts/provisions of food like rice are being blocked as the soldiers alleged them to be “rations” to the NPAs in the area.#

Sanggunian:
1. KARAPATAN Media Briefing, 26 April 2005.